Close up
The close up shot keeps only the face full in the frame. this allows the audience to focus on the characters emotions and is considered most important building block in cinematic storytelling.
Long shot
The Long shot depicts an entire character or object from head to foot. Despite this, it is not as long as an establishing shot. the shot allows the audience to see an extended view of the scene as well as the character which is important as the audience need to acknowledge the characters view in order to understand the story line.
Medium shot
The medium shot is the most common shot used in filming, showing less than a long shot, but more than a close-up. This shot type can show the characters body language, emotions as well as the scene around them which is why it is considered the most used shot in the film industry.
Low angle shot
Low angle shots look up at a character or subject often making them look bigger in the frame. It can make everyone look heroic and/or dominant, this shot is good for horror genres when used for antagonists, as it can make them look more powerful and evil.
Extreme close up
Extreme close ups allow the audience to focus solely on a certain feature or subject during a scene, it can allow the frame to convey certain connotations and emotions rather than in a long shot or medium shot, because that is all the audience will be able to see; they wont be distracted by other features in the scene.
An over the shoulder shot is a shot of someone or something taken from the perspective of another person. The back of the shoulder and head of this person is used to frame the image the camera is pointing toward. this allows the audience to take an insight into the characters point of view.
Two shot
A two shot is a medium shot that depicts two people in the frame. This shot is used primarily when you want to establish links between characters or people who are beside rather than facing each other.
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